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Chaperones are specialized proteins that help to maintain proper protein folding and to prevent their aggregation during the synthesis and transport of protein molecules. Chaperones are proteins that interact with partially folded or misfolded proteins to guide them to the…
Real-time analysis of RNA G-quadruplexes in active cells is now possible thanks to a novel microscopic technique, which has implications for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also referred to as Stephen Hawking’s disease and Lou…
Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme that copies single stranded DNA into double stranded DNA. Reverse Transcriptase Enzyme It is an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase that is used in the viral replication because they can only replicate their DNA when they are…
Nucleases, also called nucleodepolymerase or polynucleotidase are enzymes able to cut off the phosphodiester bonds that join the adjacent nucleotides in a nucleic acid like RNA and DNA. Nucleases are highly essential cellular machinery that is naturally present in biological…
An ORF or the open reading frame is a continuous stretch of codons in mRNA that contain a start codon (usually AUG) and a stop codon (usually UAA, UAG or UGA). OR A reading frame is a stretch of DNA which…
Chaperones and chaperonins are both types of proteins that assist in the folding of other proteins. However, they differ in their structure and mechanism of action. Chaperones, also known as heat shock proteins, are a diverse group of proteins that…