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Biochemistry is the study of chemical processes and substances in living organisms. It involves the study of the structure, function, and interactions of molecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids, as well as the metabolic pathways and biochemical reactions that occur within cells.
Biochemistry plays a crucial role in understanding the biological processes that occur in living organisms, from the way cells obtain and use energy to the way proteins are synthesized and modified. It also has important applications in areas such as medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology.
Some of the key areas of study within biochemistry include:
Enzymology: the study of enzymes, which are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms.
Metabolism: the study of the chemical reactions that occur within cells to maintain life.
Proteomics: the study of the structure and function of proteins, which are essential components of cells and perform a wide range of functions in living organisms.
Genomics: the study of the structure, function, and evolution of genes and genomes.
Bioenergetics: the study of the energy transformations that occur in living organisms.
Biochemistry is an interdisciplinary field that draws on knowledge and techniques from a range of other fields, including chemistry, biology, physics, and mathematics.
Nucleases, also called nucleodepolymerase or polynucleotidase are enzymes able to cut off the phosphodiester bonds that join the adjacent nucleotides in a nucleic acid like RNA and DNA. Nucleases are highly essential cellular machinery that is naturally present in biological…
Ribozyme (ribonucleic acid enzyme) is an RNA molecule that has catalytic properties and is able to perform specific biochemical reactions, similar to the action of protein enzymes. Ribozymes have the following characteristics: They use RNA as a substrate. Ribozymes have…
Chaperones and chaperonins are both types of proteins that assist in the folding of other proteins. However, they differ in their structure and mechanism of action. Chaperones, also known as heat shock proteins, are a diverse group of proteins that…